The effect of age and gender on the relative fatigability of the human adductor pollicis muscle
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relative influence of such factors as age, gender, and absolute force on the fatiguability of the human adductor pollicis muscle. 12 young males (YM, 25.3 +/- 2.1 y), 12 young females (YF. 23.5 +/- 2.1 y), 12 older males (OM, 71.7 +/- 5.6 y) and 12 older females (OF, 69.5 +/- 4.6 y) participated. Three minutes of intermittent (5 s contraction, 2 s rest) maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) were used to fatigue the adductor pollicis muscle; the ulnar nerve was also stimulated in each 2 s rest period to evoke a maximal twitch. Males were stronger than females in both voluntary and evoked force (PT) in the young age group (MVC: YM, 10.0 +/- 2.7 kg vs. YF, 6.6 +/- 1.1 kg, P < 0.05) (PT: YM, 0.99 +/- 0.21 kg vs. YF, 0.71 +/- 0.12 kg, P < 0.05). In the older adults, however, males were stronger only in the evoked twitch (OM, 0.73 +/- 0.24 kg vs. OF, 0.48 +/- 0.07 kg, P < 0.05). There was no significant effect of gender or absolute muscle force on relative fatigability; the only variable found to significantly affect fatigability was age. Older adults were significantly less fatigable than young adults as indicated by the voluntary fatigue index (FI) (percentage of force reduction from baseline; FI-young, 40.2 +/- 12.6% vs. FI-old, 25.2 +/- 12.3%). This age effect, however, was more prominent in males than females (FI-YM, 44.7 +/- 10.5% vs. FI-OM, 24.2 +/- 10.7%, P < 0.01; FI-YF, 37.8 +/- 14.1% vs. FI-OF, 26.3 +/- 14.5%, P = 0.13). In conclusion, age was found to be the strongest single predictor of fatigability during short duration, intermittent exercise in human adductor pollicis muscle.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it