Caregiver Responses to Symptoms of First-Onset Psychosis: A Comparative Study of Chinese- and Euro-Canadian Families
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests that ethnic Chinese families in Canada are reluctant to seek psychiatric treatment for a relative with mental illness. The following hypotheses were investigated: (a) longer delay in seeking treatment among Chinese versus Euro-Canadians; (b) greater burden among Chinese versus Euro-Canadians; and (c) more negative conceptions of mental illness among Chinese versus Euro-Canadians. The sample consisted of 18 Chinese Canadians and 36 Euro-Canadians experiencing a first episode of psychosis; each participant recruited a parent or sibling who responded to measures of perceived family burden and attitudes toward mental illness. Results confirmed all three hypotheses. Chinese caregivers were particularly more likely to endorse the practice of keeping mental illness a secret from others, as well as withdrawal from individuals with mental illness. These findings suggest that Chinese caregivers were more affected by the stigma of mental illness than were Euro-Canadian caregivers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".