Leaf colleters in <i>Tabernaemontana catharinensis</i> (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae): structure, ontogenesis, and cellular secretion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Colleters, which are glands that produce sticky secretion, have ecological and taxonomic relevance in Apocynaceae. We studied the distribution, morphology, ontogenesis, and cellular secretions of leaf colleters in Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC. Samples from mature embryos, seedlings, and plants were processed according to usual methods for anatomical, histochemical, and ultrastructural analyses. Colleters are non-vascularized emergences that occur on the adaxial face of expanded cotyledons, eophylls, and metaphylls and at the intrapetiolar and interpetiolar positions. Standard, bifurcate, trifurcate, and sessile colleters were found, and these glands did not differ in their ontogenesis, histochemistry, or histological composition. Golgi bodies, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and plastids filled with oil droplets were the predominant organelles in the epithelial cells. Mucilage accumulated in large periplasmic spaces, traversed the outer cell wall and the permeable cuticle, which remained intact. Senescent epithelial cells were characterized by signs of cell plasmolysis, organelle degradation, membrane vesiculation, and ruptured tonoplast. Ultrastructural changes in the cell wall strengthen the argument for the involvement of this cellular compartment in the exudates’ exit. We provide the first report of the occurrence of different types of colleters in a Rauvolfioideae member. Our ontogenetic data support the hypothesis that morphological variants are deviations from the standard type.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".