The July 29, 1998, debris flow and landslide dam at Capricorn Creek, Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A very large debris flow was triggered during a period of record-breaking high temperatures in upper Capricorn Creek, within the Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, a part of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt of the southern Coast Mountains. The debris flow deposit impounded Meager Creek, creating an 800 m long landslide-dammed lake. The total event volume was 1.2 × 106 m3. The debris flow was followed by three days of almost continuous hyperconcentrated flow surges, which caused significant fluvial aggradation in the Meager Creek flood plain below the Capricorn Creek confluence. Within a few days of the formation of the landslide dam, a spillway notch had been cut through the deposit, thereby preventing the occurrence of a catastrophic dam break. The landslide, which triggered the debris flow, originated in deep volcanic colluvium having a previous history of progressive slope deformation, a consequence of glacial downwasting since the Neoglacial maximum. This paper highlights an important landslide response to recent glacial retreat and suggests that similar events could reoccur within Capricorn Creek, as well as at other sites where steep colluvial and weak bedrock slopes have been glacially debuttressed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".