B Cell Abnormalities in Wegener’s Granulomatosis and Microscopic Polyangiitis: Role of CD25+-expressing B Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The use of rituximab in vasculitis has increased interest in B cell biology. A subpopulation of B cells expressing CD25 shows antigen-presenting properties and may have regulatory functions. We assessed subpopulations of B cell maturation (Bm) and markers related to activity and antigen presentation, and related the findings to disease activity. METHODS: Multiparameter flow cytometry was used to assess numbers and proportions of circulating lymphocytes from 34 patients with vasculitis (16 remission, 18 active) and 20 controls. RESULTS: Active vasculitis samples showed decreased proportions of Bm1 (7.8% vs 11%; p = 0.041), Bm2' (0.2% vs 0.7%; p = 0.002), and Bm3/Bm4 (0.1% vs 0.3%; p = 0.006), compared with controls; Bm2 cells were the most frequently occurring B cells but they were not significantly different in active vasculitis (74% vs 62%; p = 0.083). In patients with remission the proportion of CD25+ B cells was increased compared to controls (48% vs 29%, respectively; p = 0.006) and also compared to active vasculitis (23%; p = 0.006). The proportion of CD86+ B cells was also increased (31%) compared to active vasculitis (8%; p = 0.001), and to controls (6%; p = 0.0003). In multivariate analysis, Bm2' cells and CD25+27- B cells were independently influencing the patient group. CONCLUSION: In active vasculitis, a lower proportion of Bm1 cells may indicate activated B cells. Patients in remission had higher proportions of CD25+ (α-chain of interleukin 2 receptor) and CD86+ (costimulatory molecule) B cells. We suggest that these B cells may have a regulatory role, or alternatively may result from previous treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".