Gabapentin Improves Postcesarean Delivery Pain Management
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gabapentin is effective for preventing and treating acute and chronic postoperative pain; however, it has not been described for use in cesarean delivery. We hypothesized that preoperative gabapentin would reduce postcesarean delivery pain. METHODS: Women undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery were randomized to receive preoperative gabapentin 600 mg, or placebo. Spinal anesthesia was achieved with 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12 mg, fentanyl 10 μg, and morphine 100 μg. Postoperative analgesia was initiated with intraoperative ketorolac and acetaminophen, and continued with postoperative diclofenac, acetaminophen, and morphine. Patients were assessed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after spinal anesthesia for pain at rest and on movement using a visual analog scale (0 to 100 mm), satisfaction, opioid consumption, and side effects. Neonatal interventions, Apgar scores, umbilical artery blood gases, and breastfeeding difficulties were assessed. Chronic pain was assessed 3 months after delivery. Maternal and umbilical vein gabapentin plasma concentrations were measured in a subgroup of patients. Mixed-model analysis was used to compare the primary outcome of visual analog scale pain scores at 24 hours between groups. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were randomized, and 2 were excluded from analysis. The mean (95% confidence interval, CI) pain scores on movement at 24 hours were 21 mm (CI = 13-28) in the gabapentin and 41 mm (CI = 31-50) in the placebo group (P = 0.001). Maternal satisfaction was higher in the gabapentin group. There was no difference in opioid consumption. Severe maternal sedation was more common in the gabapentin group (19% vs. 0%, P = 0.04). There was no difference in neonatal Apgar scores, interventions, or umbilical artery pH. The mean (SD) maternal vein:umbilical vein plasma gabapentin ratio was 0.86 (0.12). The incidence of pain at 3 months was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Preoperative gabapentin 600 mg in the setting of multimodal analgesia reduces postcesarean delivery pain and increases maternal satisfaction in comparison with placebo.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".