Aspirin but not vitamin E prevented cardiovascular events in patients at risk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project (PPP). Low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in people at cardiovascular risk: a randomised trial in general practice. Lancet2001 Jan 13; 357 : 89 –95 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTION: In patients with ≥1 cardiovascular risk factor but no history of cardiovascular disease, do aspirin and vitamin E prevent cardiovascular events? Randomised (allocation concealed), unblinded, 2 × 2 factorial trial with a mean follow up of 3.6 years. 315 general practices and 15 hospital hypertension units in Italy. 4495 patients (mean age 64 y, 58% women) aged ≥50 years who had ≥1 major cardiovascular risk factor: age ≥65 years, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and family history of myocardial infarction (MI) before 55 years of age in ≥1 parent or sibling. Exclusion criteria were treatment with antiplatelet drugs, chronic use of anti-inflammatory agents or anticoagulants, contraindication … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DLancet%26rft.stitle%253DLancet%26rft.aulast%253Dde%2BGaetano%26rft.auinit1%253DG.%26rft.volume%253D357%26rft.issue%253D9250%26rft.spage%253D89%26rft.epage%253D95%26rft.atitle%253DLow-dose%2Baspirin%2Band%2Bvitamin%2BE%2Bin%2Bpeople%2Bat%2Bcardiovascular%2Brisk%253A%2Ba%2Brandomised%2Btrial%2Bin%2Bgeneral%2Bpractice.%2BCollaborative%2BGroup%2Bof%2Bthe%2BPrimary%2BPrevention%2BProject.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS0140-6736%252800%252903539-X%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11197445%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03539-X&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=11197445&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F4%2F3%2F86.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000166476200009&link_type=ISI
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".