Transmetalation of a Primary Amino-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand from an Axially Chiral Square-Planar Nickel(II) Complex to a Ruthenium(II) Precatalyst for the Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first homoleptic nickel(II) complex with primary amino-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (C−NH 2 ) ligands ([Ni( m -CH 2 NH 2 ) 2 ](PF 6 ) 2, 2 ) was prepared under mild conditions by the reduction of a nitrile-functionalized imidazolium salt. This axially chiral, square-planar nickel(II) complex was characterized by NMR spectroscopy and an X-ray diffraction study. Enantiopure Δ-TRISPHAT was used as an NMR chiral shift reagent to observe the diastereotopic ion pairs by 1 H NMR in acetonitrile- d 3 . A novel transmetalation reaction moved the primary amino-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligand from the nickel(II) complex 2 to the [Ru( p -cymene)Cl] 2 dimer, yielding the complex [Ru( p -cymene)( m -CH 2 NH 2 )Cl]PF 6, ( 3 ), the first ruthenium(II) complex with such a chelating C−NH 2 ligand. Complex 3 is a precatalyst for the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol in basic 2-propanol at 75 °C with a turnover frequency of up to 880 h −1 and conversion of 96%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".