Fabrication of Titania Nanotube Arrays in Viscous Electrolytes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study probes the dependence of titania nanotube arrays nanoarchitecture on different synthesis parameters in viscous electrolytes. Titania nanotube arrays were synthesized in glycerol, ethylene glycol and carboxymethylcellulose as base materials. The effects of anodization voltage and time, as well as chemical composition and pH of the electrolyte bath were studied. Nanotube arrays with an inner diameter ranging from 16 to 91 nm, and wall thickness ranging from 7 to 29 nm were fabricated in a glycerol-water electrolyte. Water content of 5 wt% or higher was found to be essential for nanotubes fabrication in glycerol electrolyte. Diameter and length were influenced by varying water content above 5 wt%. Nanotube length was found to be time dependent at high pH values. A pH value of 6 was favorable for fabrication of highly ordered and continuous nanotube arrays with length up to 900 nm. Using modified ethylene glycol (containing 2 wt% and 0.5 wt% NH4F) instead of glycerol, resulted in nanotube length up to 430 nm after 1.5 hr anodization time. With a minor modification of electrochemical anodization cell, we successfully fabricated double-sided titania nanotube arrays layers with a total thickness of 9.5 microm for the first time. Nantube arrays were successfully fabricated in 2 wt% sodium carboxy mythylcellulose aqueous electrolyte (CMC electrolyte). These nanotube arrays had an inner diameter of 42 nm similar to those fabricated in 2 wt% urea-ethylene glycol electrolyte but their length was 450 nm.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it