Anomalous positive exchange bias in Ni80Fe20∕NixFe1−xO thin-film bilayers induced by ion-beam deposition effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present results on a Ni80Fe20∕NixFe1−xO thin-film bilayer that shows a positive exchange bias loop shift of ∼90Oe at 10 K under zero-field-cooled conditions. Zero-field-cooled and field-cooled hysteresis loops were double shifted at temperatures below 200 K. This behavior is due to the presence of a range of antiferromagnetic crystallite sizes in addition to multiple magnetic phases (e.g., FeO, Fe2O3, and NiO). Furthermore, the positive exchange bias loop shift decreases linearly with increasing temperature, with a compensation temperature Tcomp∼220K, after which negative exchange bias is measured. This temperature dependence of the exchange bias reflects the competition between the Ni80Fe20 ferromagnet and antiferromagnetic Fe oxide and NiO phases as well as a range of local blocking temperatures. We attribute the appearance of a positive exchange bias loop shift at low temperatures to temperature-dependent changes in the interfacial pinning and exchange coupling due to a complex NixFe1−xO structure from energetic ion-beam bombardment effects during the film deposition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".