Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seed color of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is used in Canada to identify the two main market types. Traditional, high linolenic acid flax must have brown seed, while solin or zero linolenic acid flax must be yellow‐seeded. The objective of this study was to determine the allelic–gene relationship of the dominant yellow gene, the variegated recessive gene, and various spontaneous and unknown recessive yellow genes in flax. Eleven flax cultivars or lines, four spontaneous recessive yellow seed mutants (YSED2, YSED4, S95407, and S96071), one recessive yellow European line (G‐1186/94), two dominant yellow seed lines (CPI84495 and YSED18), one variegated line (M96006), and three brown lines (‘ED47’, ‘Vimy’, and ‘CDC Bethune’) were crossed in all possible combinations, excluding reciprocals. Test crosses were performed with four USDA‐ARS introductions (‘Minerva’, ‘Bolley Golden’, ‘Crystal’, and ‘Bionda’) possessing the four different seed color genes, to determine which locus controlled the yellow–variegated seed color. Test cross data indicated that YSED2, YSED4, S95407, and S96071 possessed the same recessive allele of the g locus producing yellow seed. The European yellow line, G‐1186/94, had a recessive allele at the d locus producing yellow seed, and a dominant yellow Y1 allele was carried by CPI84495 and YSED18. The variegated seed color was conditioned by a second recessive allele of the b1 locus, designated as b1vg Segregation analysis indicated that all the four loci governing seed color were inherited independently except for a possible weak linkage between g and b1vg The recessive genes (g, d, and b1vg), when homozygous recessive, were epistatic to the other loci carrying dominant alleles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".