Use of fatty acids as dietary indicators in northern krill,<i>Meganyctiphanes norvegica</i>, from northeastern Atlantic, Kattegat, and Mediterranean waters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fatty acids of the triacylglycerol (TG) and polar lipid (PL) fractions were compared from northern krill, Meganyctiphanes norvegica, sampled in the Clyde Sea in the Atlantic, the Kattegat at the Alkor Deep, and the Ligurian Sea in the Mediterranean. Possible biotransformations of fatty acids in the food chain were examined in mixed zooplankton and krill faecal material from the Ligurian Sea and Kattegat. The Ligurian Sea population was distinguished from the Kattegat and Clyde Sea populations in terms of both TG and PL fatty acid profiles. The Kattegat and Clyde Sea populations were separated from each other in terms of their PL fatty acid profiles only. Krill sampled in winter from all sites had significantly higher levels of 20:1 and 22:1 fatty acids in the TG fraction (9-17%) than krill sampled in summer (1-10%). These fatty acids in particular indicate carnivorous dietary input, as they are found in high levels in copepods, which are the major prey species of M. norvegica. Levels of 22:6(n-3) were significantly higher than 20:5(n-3) in Ligurian krill, which, together with other specific marker fatty acids, suggested a predominance of dinoflagellates and other nondiatom species in their diet. TG fatty acids in Kattegat and Clyde Sea krill indicate a predominance of diatoms in the diet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".