Clinical Course of Pediatric Congenital Inner Ear Malformations
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine any factors that could improve the early detection and management of congenital inner ear malformations. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review was performed of all patients with a diagnosis of inner ear malformation at Loyola University Medical Center (LUMC) and the Hospital for Sick Children (HSC) between 1987 and 1995. Clinical records and audiometric data were accumulated. One neuroradiologist reviewed every temporal bone computed tomography (CT) scan. METHODS: Forty-six pediatric patients with congenital inner ear anomalies evaluated at two tertiary care hospitals. RESULTS: The average patient age at initial assessment was 25.7 months. A family history of hearing loss was noted in only five patients (12.8%). A major nonotological deformity was seen in 41% of patients. The average hearing threshold was 88 dB. All three patients with sudden hearing loss had vestibular aqueduct enlargement. Two of the three patients with common cavity anomalies had a history of recurrent meningitis. Twenty-seven patients had a vestibular aqueduct deformity, the most frequent radiographic abnormality in the series. CONCLUSIONS: Because inner ear malformation was diagnosed after 24 months of age in a significant percentage of patients, we recommend increased parental education and vigilance by primary care practitioners. Universal newborn screening may be the key to earlier detection of these infants. For children with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss, we recommend a temporal bone CT scan. Patients with vestibular aqueduct enlargement must be counseled about the risk of progressive sensorineural hearing loss, meningitis, and the need to avoid contact sports. Patients with common cavity abnormalities should be considered for exploratory tympanotomy and also educated about the risk for meningitis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it