Effect of a differential allelic expression of kappa-casein gene on ethanol stability of bovine milk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two main genetic variants of κ-casein, A and B, are found in Holstein cows. A positive association between the κ-casein B genetic variant and milk characteristics of economic importance have been reported (reviews: Creamer & Harris, 1997; Ng-Kwai-Hang, 1998). This can be explained, at least in part, by a higher κ-casein content of the casein in milk of cows having the κ-casein B genetic variant (Donnelly et al. 1984; Law, 1993). We have recently reported the presence of a differential allele-specific expression of the κ-casein gene in Holstein cows by comparing the content of allele-A and allele-B specific mRNA in the mammocytes of lactating cows genotyped κ-casein AB (Robitaille & Petitclerc, 2000). For some cows, the A- and B-specific κ-casein gene alleles were expressed in a similar manner. These cows are named HH here to indicate that they were homozygous for κ-casein gene expression. The other group of cows, cows HL, presented a differential allele specific expression of the κ-casein gene allele B which was overexpressed compared to allele A. The genetic polymorphism governing this differential allele-specific expression of the κ-casein gene is likely to affect the physico-chemical properties of casein micelles and, hence, the technological properties of milk, as κ-casein is considered to be the stabilizing component of the milk micelles. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of this expression polymorphism of the κ-casein gene on milk ethanol stability.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".