Unsteady Simulation of Film Cooling Flow From an Inclined Cylindrical Jet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Film cooling is extensively used to provide protection against the severe thermal environment in gas turbine engines. Most of the computational studies on film cooling flow have been done using steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) calculation procedures. However, the turbulent stress field is highly anisotropic in the wake region of the coolant jet, and the inherent unsteadiness of the coolant jet-crossflow interactions may have important implications in the cooling performance. In this paper, a computational investigation about the unsteady behavior of jet-in-crossflow applications is performed using DES. Detailed computation of a single row of 35 degree round holes on a flat plate has been obtained for a blowing ratio of 1.0 and a density ratio of 2.0. Firstly, time step size, grid resolution tests have been conducted. Comparison of the time-averaged DES prediction with the measured film cooling effectiveness shows that DES prediction is reasonable. From present simulations, the typical coherent vortical structures of the jet-in-crossflows can be seen. The unsteady physics of jet-in-crossflow interactions and a jet liftoff in film cooling flows have been explored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".