Chiral front propagation in liquid-crystalline materials: Formation of the planar monodomain twisted plywood architecture of biological fibrous composites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Biological fibrous composites commonly exhibit an architecture known as twisted plywood, which is similar to that of the cholesteric liquid-crystalline mesophases. The explanation for the structural similarity is that biological fibrous composites adopt a lyotropic cholesteric liquid-crystalline phase during their formation process. In this work, a mathematical model based on the Landau-de Gennes theory of liquid crystals has been developed to reproduce the process by which long chiral fibrous molecules form the twisted plywood structures observed in biological composites. The dynamics of the process was then further investigated by analytically solving a simplified version of the governing equations. Results obtained from the model are in good qualitative agreement with the theory of Neville [Biology of Fibrous Composites (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1993)] who hypothesized the necessity of a constraining layer to lock the direction of the helical axis of the plywood in order to create a monodomain structure. Computational results indicate that the plywood architecture is obtained by a chiral front propagation process with a fully relaxed wake. The effects of chirality and concentration on the formation process kinetics are characterized.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".