Effect of Reversible Addition−Fragmentation Transfer (RAFT) Reactions on (Mini)emulsion Polymerization Kinetics and Estimate of RAFT Equilibrium Constant
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Smith−Ewart equation has been modified to describe the kinetics of reversible addition−fragmentation transfer (RAFT) (mini)emulsion polymerization. Two types of radicals (propagating and intermediate) are taken into account. The influence of RAFT reactions on the (mini)emulsion polymerization kinetics is investigated using the modified Smith−Ewart theory. In a simplified zero−one case, the average number of propagating radicals per particle can be described by n̄ RAFT -1 = n̄ blank -1 + 2 K [RAFT] 0, where K is the RAFT equilibrium coefficient. It is found that the rate retardation is an intrinsic kinetic property of RAFT (mini)emulsion polymerization. The miniemulsion polymerization of styrene is also carried out with styrene oligomers of 1-phenylethylphenyl dithioacetate (PS−PEPDTA) and 2-cyranoprop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (PS−CPDB) as the RAFT agents. The experimental n̄ data are well described by the theory. The K values are estimated to be 314 L/mol for PS−CPDB and 22 L/mol for PS−PEPDTA. The fragmentation rate coefficients appear to be on the order of magnitude of 10 4 −10 5 s -1 .
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it