Diving behaviour of benthic feeding Black Guillemots
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Capsule Dive behaviour in Black Guillemots Cepphus grylle was close to that predicted for a benthic forager by allometry based on body mass.Aims To report the diving behaviour of Black Guillemots in Northern Ireland.Methods A time-depth-recorders and GPS logger were deployed on four chick-rearing breeding Black Guillemots.Results Dive shape implied most dives were benthic with a small number at the start of each bout associated with searching. Diving only occurred during daylight hours, but dive depth was unrelated to light availability outside of the twilight periods. Dive durations (max = 90 s; mean = 54 s) were shorter and dive depths (max = 15 m; mean = 9 m) were shallower than recorded for guillemots elsewhere. The birds dived a maximum of 1.8 km from the colony.Conclusions Black Guillemots' dive duration was similar to the value predicted from allometry, and is therefore likely representative of this species. Bathymetry likely influences the dive behaviour of this benthic-feeding species because most dives were U-shaped and dive depths were shallow, which is typical for the relatively shallow water where the birds were observed foraging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".