Thin‐film barium strontium titanate varactor tunable dual‐band quadrature hybrid coupler
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A thin‐film barium‐strontium‐titanate (BST) and a conventional silicon varactor tunable dual‐band quadrature hybrid couplers are characterized and compared in this article. Both structures are composed of four quarter‐wavelength sections at a frequency located between the two operating frequencies, and with two pairs of open‐ended stubs. Frequencies tuning make used of BST interdigital and silicon varactor diode capacitors connected at the open‐ended stubs. The characterized BST interdigital capacitor presents a capacitive‐tunability of 52% through an applied voltage of 0 to 25 V, while 82.5% is for the selected commercial silicon varactor diode. The silicon varactor‐tuned dual‐band coupler exhibits 45.9 and 5.2% center operation tuning frequency for the first and the second band, respectively, while 29.2 and 4.3% are achieved by the BST tunable coupler. With two‐tone nonlinear characterization test, the BST tunable coupler biased at 0 and 25 V presents a better IP3 of +25.45 and +35 dBm, respectively, while +11.5 and +34 dBm are obtained for the silicon varactor tunable coupler. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:858–867, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26719
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".