Glycogen Synthetic and Degradative Activities by Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii of Root Surface Caries and Noncaries Sites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relative glycogen synthetic and degradative activities of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii, freshly isolated from root surface caries and noncaries sites, were compared. The glycogen synthetic activity was measured by incubating glucose-(or sucrose-)grown resting cells with 100 mM glucose (or sucrose) and U-[14C]-glucose (or U-[14C]-sucrose) on a pH-stat maintained at 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 for 1 h under anaerobic conditions. For the glycogen degradation assays, after the 1-hour incubation period, the cells were reincubated under similar conditions, but in the absence of external carbon sources. Carbohydrate utilization and total acid formation were also monitored. Both the glucose- and sucrose-grown cells of A. viscosus and A. naeslundii strains originating from root surface caries lesions synthesized approximately twice as much glycogen as the strains of noncaries origin. Although there were significant differences in the rates of glycogen synthesis, the rates of glycogen degradation were essentially the same for the Actinomyces strains from both caries and noncaries sites. However, the time required for glycogen degradation by the strains from caries sites was much longer. This study suggests that the abilities of A. viscosus and A. naeslundii originating from root surface caries lesions to synthesize large amounts of glycogen and to degrade this stored polymer slowly under conditions of starvation, particularly in an acidic environment, may be one of the factors contributing to the cariogenic potential of these organisms in root surface caries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".