The Influence of Wounds, Severe Trauma, and Clothing, on Carcass Decomposition and Arthropod Succession in South Africa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractThis study investigated the influence of different types of physical wounds as well as clothing on carcass decomposition and arthropod succession during all seasons over one year in South Africa. The trials for each season included six pigs, Sus scrofa, carcasses: two carcasses with wounds, one carcass was clothed the other was not; two carcasses with stab wounds, one carcass was clothed and the other was not; two carcasses with severe trauma wounds, one carcass was clothed and the other was not. The decomposition process and arthropod succession were not influenced by the absence or presence of wounds. Adult female Diptera did not select the wounds as oviposition sites. The presence of clothing caused a slight change in decomposition process only during summer and winter trials. The dominant Diptera in autumn and summer were Chrysomya marginalis and Chrysomya albiceps. In spring, it was Chrysomya chloropyga and C. albiceps and in winter it was Sarcophaga spp., C. chloropyga, Calliphora vicina, and Lucilia spp. During the warmer seasons, maggot predation by C. albiceps on C. marginalis was observed. In all seasons the Coleoptera were dominated by Dermestes maculatus and Necrobia rufipes, however, in summer, Thanatophilus micans and Histeridae spp. were also recorded.RésuméCette étude a examiné l'influence des différents types de blessures physiques ainsi que des vêtements sur la décomposition des carcasses et de la succession d'arthropodes pendant toutes les saisons sur un an en Afrique du Sud. Les essais pour chaque saison ont été réalisés avec les carcasses de six cochons Sus scrofa,: deux carcasses avec des blessures, l'une habillée et l'autre pas, deux carcasses avec blessures par arme blanche, l'une habillée et l'autre pas, et deux carcasses avec de graves traumatismes, l'une habillée et l'autre pas. Le processus de décomposition et la succession des arthropodes ne sont pas influencés par l'absence ou la présence de blessures. La femelle adulte Diptère n'a pas choisi les blessures comme sites de ponte. La présence de l'habillement n'a provoqué qu'un léger changement dans le processus de décomposition et ce, uniquement durant les essais d'été et d'hiver. Les diptères dominantes en automne et en été ont été la Chrysomya marginalis et la Chrysomya albiceps. Au printemps, elles ont été les Chrysomya chloropyga et la C. albiceps tandis qu'en hiver, elles étaient plutôt les Sarcophaga spp., C. chloropyga, Calliphora vicina et Lucilia spp. Pendant les saisons chaudes, la prédation par la mouche C. albiceps sur la C. marginalis a été observée. En toutes saisons, les coléoptères dominantes ont été le Dermestes maculatus et la Necrobia rufipes. En été cependant, le Thanatophilus micans et les Histeridae spp. ont également été enregistrées.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".