Proliferative activity of follicles and serum steroid concentration in <i>Scotophilus heathi</i> (vespertilionid bat) during periods of delayed ovulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Follicular kinetics were studied using immunocytochemical localization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and changes in circulating steroid concentrations to investigate the cause of prolonged survival of Graafian follicles and delayed ovulation in the vespertilionid bat Scotophilus heathi. PCNA immunoreactivity was limited to the granulosa cells and varied with stage of follicular development and reproductive phase. Two waves of follicular growth appear to be initiated in October and February. The first wave resulted in the appearance of some late antral follicles in November. These antral follicles grew slowly and differed from typical mammalian Graafian follicles, as the cells of their cumulus oophoricus were large and hypertrophied. The second wave of follicular development resulted in fresh recruitment and selection of dominant follicles in February. The steroid-hormone profile showed an unusually high concentration of circulating androstenedione from October to December. The estradiol concentration showed two peaks coinciding with two peaks of PCNA immunoreactivity. The results show that the unusually high androstenedione concentration might be responsible for the development of non-ovulatory Graafian follicles with hypertrophied granulosa cells, which survive for a prolonged period. The decline in androstenedione concentration allows the development of ovulatory follicles in S. heathi.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".