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Record W1978885056 · doi:10.5589/m10-077

Water vapor correction to improve the operational calibration for NOAA AVHRR/3 channel 2 (0.85 µm) over a desert target

2010· article· en· W1978885056 on OpenAlex
Fangfang Yu, Xiangqian Wu

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Remote Sensing · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicCalibration and Measurement Techniques
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
KeywordsDesert (philosophy)CalibrationChannel (broadcasting)Remote sensingEnvironmental scienceGeographyMeteorologyHydrology (agriculture)Computer scienceTelecommunicationsGeologyPolitical scienceStatisticsMathematics

Abstract

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AbstractThe Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRRs) flown on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) polar satellites have been providing invaluable data for Earth system science and global change studies. However, the use of AVHRR solar reflectance products (e.g., normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)) is constrained by calibration uncertainty, largely owing to the lack of an on-orbit calibration device for solar reflectance channels. Since the mid-1990s, NOAA has been applying operational calibration to these channels using the time series of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) measurements of the Libyan Desert site. However, the assumed radiometric stability of Libyan Desert TOA measurements can be disrupted by short-term variations in atmospheric components, especially for AVHRR channel 2, which has a spectral response function covering water vapor absorption lines in the near-infrared (NIR) spectra. This study aims to improve the calibration accuracy of AVHRR channel 2 data by applying water vapor correction over the homogeneous desert target surface using the water vapor content (W) derived from the linear relationships between the AVHRR split-window temperature difference (ΔT) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NIR water vapor product. Results show that the linear ΔT–W relationship is affected by the temperature lapse rate at the satellite over-passing time and the spectral response functions of AVHRR split-window channels. Water vapor correction reduces the calibration uncertainty from 2.6%–3.5% to 1.7%–1.8%, and about 1.0% surface-based relative calibration accuracy is independent of the water vapor uncertainty introduced by the ΔT–W regression. Furthermore, the short-term variations in the channel 2 operational degradation rate are largely reduced after water vapor correction. Thus, implementing water vapor correction can improve the operational calibration accuracy for AVHRR channel 2.Les capteurs AVHRR (« Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer ») embarqués sur les satellites polaires NOAA (« National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ») et EUMETSAT (« Organisation européenne pour l'exploitation des satellites météorologiques ») fournissent des données précieuses pour les études en science du système terrestre et des changements à l'échelle du globe. Cependant, l'utilisation des produits de réflectance solaire d'AVHRR (par ex. le NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index)) est limitée par l'incertitude de l'étalonnage due largement à l'absence d'un système d'étalonnage sur orbite pour les bandes de réflectance solaire. Depuis le milieu des années 1990, la NOAA applique l'étalonnage opérationnel à ces bandes en utilisant des séries chronologiques de mesures au sommet de l'atmosphère (TOA) du désert libyen. Cependant, la stabilité radiométrique assumée des mesures TOA du désert libyen peut être perturbée par des variations à court terme des composants de l'atmosphère, spécialement dans le cas de la bande 2 d'AVHRR qui a une fonction de réponse spectrale couvrant des lignes d'absorption de la vapeur d'eau dans les spectres du proche infrarouge (NIR). Dans cette étude, l'objectif consiste à améliorer la précision de l'étalonnage des données de la bande 2 d'AVHRR en appliquant une correction pour la vapeur d'eau au-dessus de la surface homogène de la cible désertique à l'aide de la teneur en vapeur d'eau (W) dérivée des relations linéaires entre la différence de température d'AVHRR (ΔT) obtenue par la méthode « split-window » et le produit NIR de vapeur d'eau de MODIS (« Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer »). Les résultats montrent que la relation linéaire ΔT–W est affectée par le gradient vertical de température au moment du passage du satellite et les fonctions de réponse spectrale des bandes « split-window » d'AVHRR. La correction pour la vapeur d'eau réduit l'incertitude de l'étalonnage de 2,6 %–3,5 % à 1,7 %–1,8 % et environ 1,0 % de la précision de l'étalonnage relatif basé sur la surface est indépendante de l'incertitude de la vapeur d'eau introduite par la régression ΔT–W. De plus, les variations à court terme de la vitesse de dégradation opérationnelle de la bande 2 sont largement réduites après la correction pour la vapeur d'eau. Ainsi, l'application de la correction pour la vapeur d'eau peut améliorer la précision de l'étalonnage opérationnel de la bande 2 d'AVHRR.[Traduit par la Rédaction] AcknowledgementThis work is funded by the Product Systems Development and Implementation (PSDI) program of the NOAA–NESDIS – Office of Systems Development (OSD). We would like to thank M.K. Rama Varama Raja, Pubu Ciren, Chenyang Xiao, Frank Padula, and Michael Grotenhuis for their review comments on this paper. We also appreciate the help from Quanhua Liu on the discussion of aerosol distribution on the water vapor absorption in the shortwave spectra. The manuscript contents are solely the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the US government.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.885
Threshold uncertainty score0.989

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.213
Teacher spread0.201 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it