Functionalized Mesostructured Silicas As Supports for Palladium Catalysts: Effect of Pore Structure and Collapse on Catalytic Activity in the Suzuki−Miyaura Reaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two different Pd complexes are supported on the mercaptopropyltrimethoxy silyl-functionalized mesoporous material KIT-6 and their activity in the Suzuki−Miyaura cross coupling reaction is examined. Remarkably, these materials show a much greater recyclability than the corresponding SBA-15-based materials, which lose activity quickly in the presence of hot aqueous base. The high recyclability of the KIT-6 materials is proposed to result from a greater redistribution of Pd to the external surface of the material, resulting in Pd nanoparticles that are not constrained by the size of the pores. These Pd nanoparticles are then available for catalysis after the material has collapsed, whereas in the case of SBA-15-based materials, the Pd is captured inside the pores such that catalytic activity ceases when the material collapses. Eventually, Ostwald ripening leads to larger particles and a decrease in catalytic activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".