Temperature-Dependent Properties of Telechelic Hydrophobically Modified Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamides) in Water: Evidence from Light Scattering and Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the Formation of Stable Mesoglobules at Elevated Temperatures
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The self-assembling properties of hydrophobically modified (HM) telechelic poly( N -isopropylacrylamides) (PNIPAM) were studied in aqueous solutions of concentration ranging from 0.1 to 11 g L -1 by fluorescence spectroscopy, using N -phenyl-1-naphthylamine as a probe, and by static (SLS) and dynamic (DLS) light scattering over a temperature domain encompassing their cloud point ( T cp ) and coil-to-globule transition temperature ( T M ). The telechelic HM−PNIPAM samples bear n -octadecyl termini, and their molar mass ( M n ) ranges from 12 000 to 49 000 g mol -1 with a polydispersity index lower than 1.20. In cold aqueous solution, the HM−PNIPAM samples associate in the form of flower micelles (10.8 < R H < 17.5 nm, R G / R H ≅ 1.3−1.5) consisting of ≅16−27 polymer chains, depending on their molecular weight. In solutions heated under equilibrium conditions above T M, individual flower micelles with collapsed loops associate to form stable mesoglobules ( R G / R H ∼ 0.80) comprising a few hundreds chains with a more rigid and more polar interior than the hydrophobic core of hydrated flower micelles. The size of the mesoglobules increases with increasing polymer concentration (19 < R H < 115 nm), but in all cases the mesoglobule size distributions are narrower than those of the corresponding polymer micelles in cold solutions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it