Clinical, <scp>EEG</scp>,<scp> MRI,</scp> MEG, and surgical outcomes of pediatric epilepsy with astrocytic inclusions versus focal cortical dysplasia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Astrocytic inclusions (AIs) have been identified on histologic specimens of patients with early onset seizures, and the proteomic contents have been described. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical, electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and surgical outcomes of AIs relative to focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). METHODS: We assessed the clinical manifestations, semiology, ictal and interictal features on video-EEG, MEG, MRI features, and surgical outcomes of children with histologically proven AIs compared to FCD. RESULTS: Six children had AIs and 27 had FCD. Children with AIs had an earlier age at seizure onset, periodic spasms (all children), and interictal epileptiform discharges consisting of a mixture of generalized or diffuse hemispheric slow waves, sharp waves, spikes and polyspikes. Children with FCD were less likely to have spasms (4/27 [15%]), and the morphology of the diffuse hemispheric or generalized discharges were different from those of AI, consisting of spike-and-waves, polyspike-and-waves, sharp-and-slow waves, and paroxysmal fast activity. Patients with AIs were less likely to have tightly clustered MEG spike sources (3/6 [50%] vs. 23/27 [85%]), and more likely to demonstrate abnormal sulcation and gyration pattern (4/6 [67%] vs. 2/27 [7%]) and gray matter heterotopia (2/6 [33%] vs. 0/27 [0%]) than patients with FCD. Four children with AIs had resection and two had biopsy but did not undergo resection. Children with AIs had lower rates of seizure freedom after surgery compared to FCD (1/4 [25%] vs. 15/27 [56%], respectively). SIGNIFICANCE: Although there were some similarities between AIs and FCD, patients with AIs were more likely to present with early onset periodic spasms, have unusual interictal epileptiform discharges, abnormal sulcation, gyration pattern, and gray matter heterotopia, and were less likely to be seizure free following surgical resection relative to FCD. Further study with a larger sample size is needed to validate our findings.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".