Water vapour over the western maritime Arctic: surface inversions, intrusions and total column
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A composite year of hourly microwave radiometric water vapour (WV) density profiles from November 2007 to July 2008 and August to November 2009 over the unconsolidated sea‐ice surface of the southeastern Beaufort Sea–Amundsen Gulf region was analysed. The annual cycle of monthly median total column precipitable water (PW) ranged from 1.4 mm in January to 16.8 mm in August. For all months, greater than 92% of the PW was below 5000 m. Peak PW in WV intrusions ranged from 3.4 mm in November to 37.3 mm in August. An L‐shaped relationship was found between the monthly percentages of PW in near surface WV inversions and the median total column PW. This suggested that WV inversions have a greater impact on atmospheric downwelling longwave radiation, and in turn on the climate of the western maritime Arctic, in the winter early spring and late autumn when the median PW is low than in warmer months when it is relatively high. This result, consistent with the results of others, was supported by an analysis of hourly profiles for January (low PW month), and July (high PW month); 89% of the variability in the percentage of PW in near surface inversions was explained by the height of the top of the highest inversion which was generally much higher in the January than in July. In addition, near surface WV inversions occurred more frequently in the lower PW month than in the higher PW month. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".