A Novel Function of the 26S Proteasome in Repressing Class-1<i>KNOX</i>Genes During Leaf Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Leaf organogenesis occurs within the peripheral zone of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). It has been known that several members of the class-1 KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) genes are expressed in the SAM, and their expression must be prevented during leaf primordium initiation and subsequent leaf development. A number of regulators that repress class-1 KNOX genes have been identified, and characterizations of these regulators greatly improved our knowledge of the genetic basis of leaf organogenesis. We have recently reported that the proteolytic function of the Arabidopsis 26S proteasome is involved in specifying leaf adaxial identity during leaf development, by characterizations of mutants defective in genes encoding several 26S proteasome subunits. Here we demonstrate that in addition to the role in leaf polarity establishment, the 26S proteasome also participates in repression of class-1 KNOX genes during leaf development. We show that loss of functions in RPN8a and RPT2a, two 26S proteasome subunit genes, resulted in leaves that produce ectopic outgrowths on the abaxial side of blades. These outgrowths were accompanied by the ectopic expression of several class-1 KNOX genes. These results indicate that the 26S proteasome is important in repressing class-1 KNOX genes and its function may be required until later leaf developmental stages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".