Epidemiology of sclerotinia rot of carrot caused by<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The epidemiology of sclerotinia rot of carrot was investigated on carrot 'Cellobunch' during 1999 and 2000 in Ontario. Apothecia were first detected in the crop in early August to mid-September, after the carrot canopy closed and after 7–11 days with soil matric potentials between –0.1 and –0.4 bars and soil temperatures between 14 and 23 °C. Ascospores were first detected in mid-July to mid-August, usually before apothecia were observed in the crop, and after 7–12 days with soil matric potentials between –0.1 and –0.3 bars and air temperatures between 15 and 21 °C. The numbers of apothecia and ascospores were positively correlated with soil matric potential. Preharvest epidemics started in mid-August to mid-September, after the closure and lodging of the canopy, after the appearance of senescing leaves on the soil and ascospores in the crop, and after rain had initiated 12–24 h per day of leaf surface wetness. Disease incidence was negatively correlated with air and soil temperatures. Postharvest epidemics in storage followed preharvest epidemics in the field, but not all preharvest epidemics resulted in disease in storage. It is suggested that severe epidemics of sclerotinia rot of carrot can occur in storage when disease in the field progresses rapidly and is associated with soil matric potentials of ≥–0.2 bars and leaf wetness of ≥14 h per day, particularly close to harvest. The information revealed in this study contributes to the development of inoculum and disease prediction systems and improved management of sclerotinia rot of carrot.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".