Emissions of N <sub>2</sub> O from Alfalfa and Soybean Crops in Eastern Canada
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is considerable uncertainty relative to the emissions of N 2 O from legume crops. A study was initiated to quantify N 2 O fluxes from soils cropped to alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) and soybean ( Glycine max L.), and to improve our understanding of soil and climatic factors controlling N 2 O emissions from these crops. Measurements were made on three soils cropped to alfalfa, soybean, or timothy ( Phleum pratense L.), a perennial grass used as a control. In situ soil‐surface N 2 O emissions ( F N2O ) were measured 47 times during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Soil water, NH 4 –N, NO 3 –N, and N 2 O contents, and soil temperature were also determined to explain the variation in gas fluxes. Emissions of N 2 O were small under the grass where very low soil mineral N content probably limited denitrification and N 2 O production. Soil mineral N contents under legumes were up to 10 times greater than under timothy. However, soil mineral N contents and F N2O were not closely related, thus suggesting that the soil mineral N pool alone was a poor indicator of the intensity of N 2 O production processes. Higher F N2O were measured under legume than under timothy in only 6 out of 10 field comparisons (site‐years). Moreover, the emissions associated with alfalfa (0.67–1.45 kg N ha −1 ) and soybean (0.46–3.08 kg N ha −1 ) production were smaller than those predicted using the emission coefficient proposed for the national inventory of greenhouse gases (alfalfa = 1.60–5.21 kg N ha −1 ; soybean = 2.76–4.97 kg N ha −1 ). We conclude that the use of the current emission coefficient may overestimate the N 2 O emissions associated with soybean and alfalfa production in eastern Canada.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it