Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Host Range of <i>Fusarium virguliforme</i>, the Causal Agent of Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sudden death syndrome, caused by Fusarium virguliforme, is an important disease of soybean in the United States. Fifteen species of crops, weeds, or prairie plants were evaluated for their potential as hosts of F. virguliforme. Root and foliar symptoms and plant biomass were assessed following greenhouse inoculation studies. Root colonization of F. virguliforme was determined with isolations and with polymerase chain reaction assays. Soybean, alfalfa, pinto and navy bean, white and red clover, pea, and Canadian milk vetch developed root necrosis. Soybean, alfalfa, and red clover also developed foliar symptoms following inoculation. Sugar beet and canola did not develop symptoms but had significant reductions in biomass, suggesting that they are also hosts of F. virguliforme. Corn, wheat, ryegrass, pigweed, and lambsquarters did not develop symptoms. However, these species appeared to be asymptomatic hosts because quantities of pathogen DNA detected in inoculated roots were similar to quantities detected in inoculated soybean roots. These results suggest that the number and diversity of hosts for F. virguliforme are greater than previously reported. The likely broad host range limits the efficacy of crop rotation and indicates that crops other than soybean can be damaged by F. virguliforme and maintain or increase inoculum in soil.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".