Hybrid Sensor and Display Pixel Circuits for Mobile Near-to-Eye Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hybrid sensor/display pixels and their operating schemes are proposed, simulated, and characterized. The circuit design implemented a phototransistor connected to a drive thin-film transistor (TFT) and an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). The circuits were fabricated using hydrogenated amorphous-silicon (a-Si:H) TFTs as a hybrid photosensor/switching device. The light sensitivity of the phototransistors and response to incident illumination were modeled and verified experimentally for different white-light intensities. The pixel gray scale was determined by the pulse-height voltage modulation from the phototransistor, which was varied by changing the light intensity. The resulting circuits have a wide dynamic range with a light to dark output current ratio of 104for TFTs having channel lengths of and light intensity up to ~ 8 mW/cm2. A 256-RGB-level imaging scale is possible with 5-nA steps for each grey scale in a pixel array matrix having a refresh rate of more than 200 Hz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".