Laparoscopic Removal of a Large Abdominal Testicular Teratoma in a Standing Horse
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe laparoscopic removal of a large testicular teratoma in a standing horse. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical report. ANIMALS: Thoroughbred horse (11 months) with a testicular teratoma. METHODS: A unilateral cryptorchid testicle could not be removed by an inguinal approach under general anesthesia because of it s large size. After recovery from general anesthesia, ultrasound evaluation revealed a 24 x 19 cm fluid-filled testicular mass. The mass was removed by paralumbar fossa laparoscopy with the horse in a standing position. After fluid aspiration of the mass, the mesorchium and ductus deferens were ligated with extracorporeal knots and the mass retrieved inside a laparoscopic specimen pouch. Morphologic features were consistent with a teratoma. RESULTS: Laparoscopic-guided aspiration of fluid from the teratoma decreased mass size and increased ease of manipulation and retrieval. Retrieval of the teratoma in a laparoscopic specimen pouch prevented loss of abdominal insufflation, helped reduce fluid leakage, and potential seeding of neoplastic cells. CONCLUSION: Use of laparoscopy for removal of neoplastic cryptorchid testicles offers many advantages including minimal invasiveness and increased safety associated with good visibility of structures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Standing laparoscopic surgery should be considered for removal of testicular neoplasms in horses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".