Bibliographic record
Abstract
keratoconus.The published cases that developed haze either had stage III keratoconus 4 or more advanced changes including thinner corneas, higher keratometry values, and prominent Vogt striae. 3 Mazzotta et al 4 reported that hyporeflective bands in a reticular pattern representing stromal microstriae prior to CXL could be a confocal sign of advanced keratoconus, predicting haze formation.This pattern was not seen in our cases, consistent with the milder clinical picture.Despite the lower risk profile of our patients, both developed dense, deep stromal scars that were morphologically different and more severe than the faint haze described by Mazzotta et al 4 and Raiskup et al. 3 The deep stromal scar also occurred at the junction between the treated and untreated cornea along the demarcation line, which has not been previously described.Mazzotta et al 4 also described increased keratocyte density in the region of the scar, in contrast to the reduced keratocyte population in our cases.Riboflavin-UV-A exposure typically causes keratocyte apoptosis in the early postoperative period, and we speculate that a sublethal effect in the deep stroma where the UV-A irradiation dose is lower may lead instead to fibroblastic transformation and an aberrant scarring response.This would explain the delayed reaction seen and, if proven in subsequent study, may suggest that longer or higherintensity UV-A irradiation is indicated.Performing a modification of the technique in which the epithelium is not removed may also help prevent this complication. 6 In conclusion, deep corneal stromal scarring may complicate CXL for mild keratoconus and, if severe, may lead to a significant increase in astigmatism.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".