Effects of Various Environmental Exposures and Sustained Load Levels on the Service Life of Postinstalled Adhesive Anchors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study on the long-term creep behaviour of adhesive anchors under sustained tensile loads in combination with different environmental exposures. A total of 72 pull-out test specimens with post-installed anchors were used. The test variables included the type of adhesive anchor, loading conditions (static, sustained), and the environmental exposures (room temperature, moisture, and freeze-thaw). Two sustained load levels of 32 kN and 48 kN (40% and 60% of the anchor’s yield strength) were considered. Sustained load tests lasted for a period of at least 90 days. The static pullout tests showed that specimens with epoxy adhesive exhibited stronger bond strength, forcing the anchor to fail by rupture prior to bond failure. Under sustained load tests, the total displacements over the service life were extrapolated and compared to displacement limits at 50 years (room temperature) and 10 years (moisture and freeze/thaw) in accordance with ICC-ES AC308. Specimens with standard set epoxy adhesive showed insignificant creep displacement under room conditions and satisfied the displacement limits; however, when exposed to moisture noticeable higher creep displacements were recorded and total displacement failed to meet the limit. Specimens with both fast setting epoxy and methyl methacrylate based adhesives showed higher creep displacements and failed to meet the displacement limits under environmental exposure (moisture and freeze/thaw) versus those kept at room temperature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".