Molecular Recognition of Oligosaccharide Epitopes by a Monoclonal Fab Specific for <i>Shigella flexneri</i> Y Lipopolysaccharide: X-ray Structures and Thermodynamics<sup>,</sup>
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The antigenic recognition of Shigella flexneri O-polysaccharide, which consists of a repeating unit ABCD [-->2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->], by the monoclonal antibody SYA/J6 (IgG3, kappa) has been investigated by crystallographic analysis of the Fab domain and its two complexes with two antigen segments (a pentasaccharide Rha A-Rha B-Rha C-GlcNAc D-Rha A' and a modified trisaccharide Rha B-Rha C-GlcNAc D in which Rha C* is missing a C2-OH group). These complex structures, the first for a Fab specific for a periodic linear heteropolysaccharide, reveal a binding site groove (between the V(H) and V(L) domains) that makes polar and nonpolar contacts with all the sugar residues of the pentasaccharide. Both main-chain and side-chain atoms of the Fab are used in ligand binding. The charged side chain of Glu H50 of CDR H2 forms crucial hydrogen bonds to GlcNAc of the oligosaccharides. The modified trisaccharide is more buried and fits more snugly than the pentasaccharide. It also makes as many contacts (approximately 75) with the Fab as the pentasaccharide, including the same number of hydrogen bonds (eight, with four being identical). It is further engaged in more hydrophobic interactions than the pentasaccharide. These three features favorable to trisaccharide binding are consistent with the observation of a tighter complex with the trisaccharide than the pentasaccharide. Thermodynamic data demonstrate that the native tri- to pentasaccharides have free energies of binding in the range of 6.8-7.4 kcal mol(-1), and all but one of the hydrogen bonds to individual hydroxyl groups provide no more than approximately 0.7 kcal mol(-1). They further indicate that hydrophobic interactions make significant contributions to binding and, as the native epitope becomes larger across the tri-, tetra-, pentasaccharide series, entropy contributions to the free energy become dominant.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it