Adsorption and Recovery of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus and Nitrogen by Mixed‐Bed Ion‐Exchange Resin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of using various mixed‐bed anion‐cation exchange resins in absorbing dissolved organic and inorganic N (DON and DIN) and P (DOP and DIP). Leachate from foliage of aspen ( Populus grandidentata ) was passed through columns containing three brands of mixed‐bed resin contained in nylon bags, with and without pretreatment of the resins by rinsing with KCl. After leaching, the resins were extracted with either 2 M KCl or 2 M HCl, and recoveries of DIN, DON, DIP, and DOP were calculated. The results showed that all brands of resin adsorbed more DIP (91–98.5%) than DOP (55–70%) and more NO 3 (87–100%) than NH 4 (0–14%) and DON (18–49%). In general, pretreating the resin significantly decreased absorption. The recovery of DIP and DOP was influenced by the pretreatment and the extracting solution whereas the recovery of DIN and DON was problematic because of the release of amine groups. Overall, the use of mixed‐bed resin seems adequate for P studies but not for N studies on a short‐time scale. Longer exposure periods are needed for studies of N so that the signal/noise (blank) ratio is higher than in this study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".