Effects of Metal Ions on H2 Generation during Photolysis of Suspended TiO2 in Aqueous Systems
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nowadays, photocatalysis is being applied as a promising technique for decontamination, purification, deodorization, etc. of polluted air and wastewaters. This technique attempts also to generate renewable and non-polluting fuels utilizing various carbon and hydrogen sources. In this context, studies on photo-catalytic generation of H2 using 0.1% w/v TiO2 photo catalyst as a suspension in water was carried out using 350 nm light. This was explored further in presence of various metal ions such as Ag+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Au3+ and V5+ at different ambient such as air and CO2, in presence of a hole scavenger (2-propanol and formic acid). H2 yields in CO2-purged systems as analyzed in GC-TCD were reasonably higher, and increased further when metal ions were added into the systems. Based on H2 yields, HCOOH was found to be a more supportive hole scavenger as compared to 2-propanol in metal ions containing systems. Besides the formation of low to high concentrations of various gaseous products, nanoparticles of gold, silver and copper were also observed as photolysis products. This indicated that the presence of both reduced metal ions and their in-situ generated nanoparticles at various stages either in the free/unbound and/or associated with TiO2 photocatalyst in aqueous systems, together play a significant role in enhancing the H2 yields.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it