Methanol-Induced Axial Stress Corrosion Cracking in a Northern Canadian Liquids Pipeline
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three in-service leaks on a crude oil pipeline operating in Canada were investigated to identify their metallurgical cause(s). The releases were found to be associated with cracks originating from the internal surface of the pipeline. Further similarities between the releases included: (1) the axial directionality of the cracks, (2) the short crack length, (3) the crack location adjacent to girth welds, (4) the circumferential location of the cracks and (5) the intergranular crack morphologies. A comprehensive metallurgical investigation concluded that the likely crack-initiating mechanism was methanol-induced stress corrosion cracking (SCC). While this SCC mechanism is extremely rare in buried petroleum pipelines, all other plausible causes were considered and eliminated. Methanol-induced SCC, similar to other forms of SCC, requires three contributing factors: (1) a susceptible material, (2) a corrosive environment and (3) sufficient tensile stresses. Although much research has been performed on the effects of ethanol on pipeline steels, published data on the effects of methanol is very scarce. A laboratory research program using slow strain rate (SSR) testing was initiated to determine if pipeline steels are susceptible to methanol-induced SCC and identify the conditions necessary to reproduce it in a laboratory environment. This paper outlines the major findings from this program.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".