Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Increases Energy Expenditure in Healthy Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH) on resting energy expenditure (REE) and postprandial energy expenditure (PEE) and substrate partitioning. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Seven healthy men and seven healthy women participated in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. MPH (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo was administered orally in the fasting state, 60 min before a REE measurement, and 90 min before a standardized breakfast of approximately 650 kcal. REE, PEE, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were obtained from indirect calorimetry. Body composition was measured using DEXA. Vital signs (blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR)) were assessed pre- and post-administration of MPH or placebo in every session. RESULTS: During the, MPH condition, REE increased over values observed during the placebo session (7%, P < 0.001). No changes in fasting RER were noted. Although PEE continually decreased with time as expected, MPH treatment resulted in significantly greater PEE values at 90 min (5%, P < 0.01). No significant effects of MPH were found for vital signs (HR, systolic, and diastolic BP). DISCUSSION: MPH causes a significant increase in both REE and PEE without the significant changes in HR and BP that are commonly associated with psychostimulant use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".