Study of Bioassay the Allelopathical Effect of Neem (Azadirachta indica) n-hexane, Acetone and Water-soluble Extracts on Six Weeds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Azadirachta indica, or Neem Tree, is an evergreen tree native to Southeast Asia. All parts of the tree have been usedmedicinally for centuries. The allelopathic potential of extracts of Azadirachta indica L., which is one of the mostdominant weeds in tropical regions of South-west Asia, was investigated under laboratory conditions. The n-hexanesoluble,acetone-soluble and water-soluble fractions obtained from the acetone extract of A. indica shoots inhibited thegermination and the growth of roots and shoots of six test plant species. The inhibitory activity of the water-solublefraction was greatest, followed by that of the n-hexane-soluble and acetone-soluble fractions in all bioassays.Significant reductions in the germination and growth of the roots and hypocotyls were observed as the extractconcentration increased. The concentration-dependent responses of the test plants to the fractions suggested that allthree fractions might contain allelochemicals, but that the greatest potential was in the water-soluble fraction. Theseresults indicate that A. indica may produce potent allelochemicals, which should be investigated further in thelaboratory and the field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".