Connexin26 Regulates the Expression of Angiogenesis-Related Genes in Human Breast Tumor Cells by Both GJIC-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We previously reported that over-expression of connexins in mammary tumor cells retarded tumor growth in vivo in the absence of appreciable gap junction formation, highlighting a possible connexin-linked, but gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC)-independent mechanism. In the current study, we engineered GJIC-deficient MDA-MB-435 human breast tumor cells to express a chimeric Cx26 where the green fluorescent protein was fused to the amino-terminal of Cx26 (GFP-Cx26). Characterization of this chimeric protein revealed that GFP-Cx26 assembled into non-functional gap junction-like clusters that were impermeable to Lucifer Yellow. In contrast, expression of wild-type Cx26 or Cx26 tagged at the carboxy terminal with yellow fluorescent protein, efficiently rescued GJIC in these tumor cells. Interestingly, by screening 96 tumor-related genes, we observed that the expression of Cx26 or GFP-Cx26 in the tumor cells up-regulated both the transcription and the translation of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), an anti-angiogenic molecule. Affymetrix array analysis extended the list of Cx26 or GFP-Cx26 regulated genes by ten candidates including connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), another angiogenesis-related gene. CTGF mRNA and protein levels were found to be down-regulated by both Cx26 and GFP-Cx26. Thus, our data indicates that Cx26 regulates angiogenesis-related molecules by mechanisms that are both GJIC-dependent and -independent.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it