Guided Waves in Thin-Walled Structural Members
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) formulation is proposed to study the wave propagation characteristics of thin-walled members with an infinite length in the longitudinal (axial) direction. Common structural members are considered as an assemblage of thin plates. The ratio of the thickness of the plate to the wavelength in the axial direction is assumed to be small so that the plane-stress assumption is valid. Employing a finite element modeling in the transverse direction circumvents difficulties associated with the cross-sectional profile of the member. The dynamic behavior is approximated by dividing the plates into several line (one-dimensional) segments and representing the generalized displacement distribution through the segment by polynomial interpolation functions. By applying Hamilton’s principle, the dispersion equation is obtained as a standard algebraic eigenvalue problem. The reasonably good accuracy of the method is demonstrated for the lowest modes by comparing, where feasible, the results with analytical solutions. To demonstrate the method’s versatility, frequency spectra are also presented for I and L shaped cross sections.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".