Assigning morphological variants of <i>Fucus</i> (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) in Canadian waters to recognized species using DNA barcoding
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The intertidal brown algal genus Fucus (Phaeophyceae) consists of individuals with a generally dichotomously branched habit. Morphological variability within species, combined with morphological similarity between species, renders field identification difficult. In light of recent taxonomic revisions, which reduced 10 taxa traditionally recognized in Canada to four species, we tested the utility of the DNA barcode (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1, 5′) for assigning individuals to these species. We sequenced the DNA barcode for 125 specimens representing all morphologies recognized. We confirmed our results by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region for 66 specimens. This is the first study to establish that the DNA barcode successfully assigns different morphologies of brown algae to known species as well as other single-gene molecular markers currently used. Furthermore, the results uncovered substantial phenotypic plasticity in Pacific Fucus distichus , from moss-like fragments embedded in estuarine mud, strap-like morphs on exposed rocky coasts, to “spiralis”-like morphs in the upper intertidal whereas phenotypic expression for this species was more restricted in the Atlantic.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it