Release behavior of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide using novel porous polyacrylamide hydrogels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Porous polyacrylamide (PAAm) was synthesized using calcium carbonate (CCb) micro-powder and subsequent leaching process. Polymerization was carried out in a solution environment system containing methylenebis acrylamide (MBA) and acrylamide (AAm) as crosslinker and monomer, respectively. CCb micro-powders were introduced to the polymerization solution before adding initiator. Ammonium persulfate/sodium metabisulfite (APS/SMBS) were used as a redox initiator system. HCl solution was used to remove CCb powders. The effect of MBA concentration and CCB amount on the swelling of hydrogels were studied. The porous structure of hydrogels was investigated and verified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was loaded into the hydrogels and release of this herbicide was investigated. The effect of MBA concentration and addition of CCb on the content of released herbicide was studied. Also, the study of herbicide release in a solution under various pH revealed the pH-dependency release of 2,4-D herbicide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".