Growth and piezo-/ferroelectric properties of PIN-PMN-PT single crystals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ternary solid solution crystals of 0.19Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3− 0.46Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3− 0.35PbTiO3 [PIMNT(19/46/35)] with dimensions of 35 × 38 × 15 mm3 were grown by the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The dielectric, piezo- and ferroelectric properties of the grown crystals were characterized. The ternary piezocrystals exhibit a Curie temperature TC = 190 °C and a tetragonal-rhombohedral phase transition temperature TR-T = 130 °C, which are increased significantly compared with TC ≈ 155 °C and TR-T ≈ 80 °C of PMN-PT crystals. The dielectric constant (ɛ′) and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) are 4300 and 0.40 at room temperature. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 is found to be 2380 pC/N. The longitudinal electromechanical coupling factor k33 reaches 90% at room temperature. A peak-to-peak bipolar strain value of 0.13% is obtained at E ≈ ± 14 kV/cm. The coercive field Ec and remanent polarization Pr are 5.50 kV/cm and 27.10 μC/cm2, respectively, which are also improved from the vales of PMN-PT crystals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".