Po‐Poster ‐ 27: An anthropomorphic study in evaluating scattered radiation at pediatric CT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: The object of this study was to evaluate the dose contribution resulting from scattered radiation in CT head scans for pediatric patients using a one‐year‐old anthropomorphic tissue equivalent phantom. The dose due to scattered radiation was calculated, and the distribution of scattered radiation was analyzed. Methods and Materials: The direct exposure values were measured from specifically tagged organs by wedging TLD chips into tissue equivalent plugs. The absorbed doses were calculated with the roentgen‐rad conversion factors for tissues of one year olds. Additionally, absorbed doses were measured for nearly all the radiosensitive organs and tissues, inside and outside the scanned volume. The attribution of the scattered radiation was analyzed. Results: Two scan techniques were selected: 12mm and 20mm collimation head scans, both imaged at 120 kV. Scattered radiation contributed nearly 15 % to the total effective dose for both scanning techniques. The absorbed organ doses due to scattered radiation decreased exponentially as a function of the distance from the scanned volume. Conclusions: Scattered radiation had an appreciable contribution to the total effective dose. Pediatric radio‐sensitive organs close to the scanned volume could potentially receive relatively high absorbed doses, as determined from our study. It was also shown that absorbed doses due to scattered radiation fell exponentially, the further the organs from the irradiated volume. Further studies are required to understand the dependence of scatter on pediatric age, and CT technique factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".