Transrectal ultrasonography can safely replace cysto- graphy in assessing vesico-urethral anastomosis after radical prostatectomy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives : A well performed vesico-urethral anastomosis (VUA) allows an early catheter removal and cystography is mandatory to exclude urinary extravasation. Aim of the study is to investigate whether transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is as reliable as cystography in detecting anastomotic leakage after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) in order to avoid the use of X-rays. Methods : 50 patients (pts) underwent RRP. VUA integrity was assessed 7 days after surgery by cystography and subsequently by TRUS to assess the patency of VUA. Patients who showed extravasation at the cystogram underwent ultrasonography in order to evaluate the leakage shown with cystography. Results : Catheter was removed after 7 days in all patiens except 2 pts (4%) showed extravasation at the cystography that was exactly detected at the TRUS investigation, therefore the catheter was maintained for another week. TRUS investigation, performed after cystography, also revealed the presence of a lymphocele and a retropubic hematoma, in two different patients, both completely asymptomatic and misdiagnosed at the cystography. Conclusions: Urinary leakage in the first days after RRP can be frequent and cystography is mandatory to assess VUA integrity, when early catheter removal is planned. TRUS as an alternative investigation technique to cystography, showed a high sensitivity and specificity in detecting extravasation and was also able to diagnose complications related to RRP that cystography didn't show.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".