The magnetic susceptibility of soils in Kohgilouye, Iran
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Soil magnetic susceptibility (MS) and Fe were examined for several soils on calcareous parent material, reflecting key climatic conditions and drainage classes in southwestern Iran (Kohgilouye Province). Alfisols, in the eastern and northern parts, contained more pedogenic (citrate dithionite extractable) Fe (up to 60 g kg -1 on a minerogenic basis; 70 % of total Fe, as determined by lithium tetraborate fusion) and poorly crystalline Fe (up to 6 g kg -1 ammonium oxalate extractable) than the Inceptisols in the southern parts. Soil MS (χ lf ) ranged from 5 to 120 × 10–8 m 3 kg -1 , with A horizons exhibiting greater values than B horizons, and Alfisols higher than other soils. Pedogenic enhancement of χ lf corresponded with preferential leaching of diamagnetics (primarily carbonates), as well as weathering of primary paramagnetics and neoformation of antiferromagnetics. Frequency dependence of MS (χ fd ), indicating ultrafine superparamagnetics, followed trends similar to χ lf . Sequential heating of well-drained samples, from 25 to 500°C, resulted in enhancement of Χ (average of 21%), a ttributed to the conversion of antiferromagnetics to ferrimagnetics; between 500 and 700°C, Χ typically decreased (average of 15%). The Χ fd of well-drained soils increased by an average of 5.3 percentiles by 700°C. Gleysolic soils exhibited less weathering (<51% of total Fe), higher proportions of poorly crystalline Fe (>0.15), lower Χ lf (<25 × 10–8 m 3 kg -1 ) and Χ fd (<2%), as well as greater average enhancements of Χ lf (265% at 500°C) and Χ fd (8.4 percentiles at 700°C) on heating. Key words: Calcareous, iron oxides, citrate dithionite, ammonium oxalate, frequency dependence, thermal enhancement
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".