Evaluation of AMPK Genes as Candidates for Production Traits in Buffalo Breeds of Pakistan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The 5’-activated protein kinase (AMPK) also called PRKA is a heterotrimeric protein complex that regulates cellular metabolism in response to nutritional stress in mammals. Total length of AMPK gene is 6500 base pairs. AMPK γ3 has 884 base pairs comprises of exon 3, intron 3 and exon 4. AMPK γ3 gene was studied on DNA from three buffalo breeds (Nili, Ravi and Nili Ravi) of Pakistan. Amplification of this region was done from position 918 in exon to position 1802 just downstream of exon 4, using primers U1A-GAGCAAGGAGACAGCACTTCA (918-938) and U2B-ACCTGTAGCATGGTGTC GAAGA (1781-1802) with Amplictaq Gold, at annealing temperature 60oC. Sequencing of PRKA γ3 UP SEQ1 5’-GACCTCAGCATCCAGGCT and PRKA γ3 UP SEQ2 5’-GACAGTAACTCCATCTTCCA was done. The results showed that at position 1069, Allelic frequency of C/T was 0.35, T/T was 0.05 and frequency of C/C was 0.40. At position 1343, frequency of A/G was 0.1 and A/A was 0.9. At 1381 position, frequency of C/T was 0.35, T/T was 0.05 and C/C was 0.6. At position 1488, the A/G was 0.35, A/A was 0.05and G/G was 0.6. The detected SNP at 1343 is A/G which is the ancient haplotypes of PRKAG3 in Nili Ravi buffalo breeds from Pakistan. These SNPs in AMPK gene can be used as marker for efficient utilization of energy in these three buffalo breeds of Pakistan that will increase the economic returns to farmers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".